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Âíèìàíèå! Ñàéò ïåðååõàë.
Íîâûé àäðåñ http://smolenskiysobor.ru/
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I. ?”?µN‚N?N‚???? (1833-1851 ????.)
II. ?’???·???µN??µ??N??????? ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN? (1851-1858 ????.)
III. ????? ?????????’???? (1858-1865 ????.)
IV. ?’?›???”?«?§?????™ ???z?????????«? ?¬ (1867-1872 ????.)
V. ???Y?????z-?‘?z? ?z?”???????s???™ ???z?????????«? ?¬ (1872-1928 ????.)
VI. ??????? ?§?•?????’?z (1923-1928????.)
VII. ?s?z???§?????? ?Y? ?•?Y?z?”?z?‘???z?™
?YNˆ?????µN‡?°????N? ?? ???µNˆ?????? N‡?°N?N‚??
VIII.
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IX. ?Y??N????µNˆN‚??N‹?µ N‡N????µN??°
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X. ?s?????z?????—???¦???? ?Y? ?•?Y.
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I. ?”?µN‚N?N‚???? (1833-1851 ????.)
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N‡N‚?? ?? 15 ???µNˆN?N‚?°N… ??N‚ ?”??Nˆ???????±N??¶?°, ?????µ ???°?»?° ???±?µN‚ ??N?N‚?°????N‚N? ????Nˆ, ?µN??»?? ?????»N?N‡??N‚
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II. ?’???·???µN??µ??N??????? ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN? (1851-1858 ????.)
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????????????.
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????N??»?°?»?° ?µ?µ ?·?° N?N‚?°NˆN?N?NZ ???° ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN??????? N…N?N‚??Nˆ ????N‚??????N‚N? ????N‰N?. ???????°N…??????, Nˆ?°???µ?µ
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???° N??»?µ??N?NZN‰???? ???µ??N? ??Nˆ?????µN‚ ?????????? Nˆ?°?±??N‚??????????-????N??°Nˆ?µ??, ????N‚??NˆN‹N… ???°???? ?±N????µN‚
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?? ???µ?±N?, ????N????»??????N??»?°: "???°N‚?µNˆN? ?‘???¶??N?, ???°???° ??N‹NˆN?N‡?°?? ???µ??N? ???· ?±?µ??N‹, ???°???°
???°????Nˆ???? Nˆ?°?±??N‡???? ?»NZ??! ?? ???µ??N? ???µ ?·???°?»?° ??N??µ???? ?? ???µ ?¶?µ?»?°?»?° ?±N‹N‚N? N?N‚?°NˆN??µ??".
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?·?°???»NZN‡?°?»??N?N? ?? N‚????, N‡N‚?? ??N?N‚?°N‚?????? ????N‰?? ?????°?·?°?»??N?N? ?±???»N?N??µ, N‡?µ?? ?±N‹?»?? ??Nˆ??????N‚?????»?µ????
?? N…?»?µ?±?° ?? N‚??N‚ ???µ??N? ??N‚???µ?·?»?? ?? ???±??N‚?µ?»N? ?±???»N?N??µ, N‡?µ?? ?±N‹?»?? ??Nˆ?????µ?·?µ???? ???° ????????N?.
?N‚?? ?±N‹?»?? N????????µ N‡N?????, ????N‚??Nˆ???µ N??????????»?? ??????????N… ?? ???????°N?N‚N‹Nˆ?µ ?? ?·?° ?µ???? ??Nˆ?µ???µ?»?°????.
?z ???°Nˆ???? N?N‚?°?»?? ????????Nˆ??N‚N?, ??Nˆ??N…???????»?? ???° ???µN‘ ????N?????N‚Nˆ?µN‚N?, ??Nˆ??N????»?? N???N?N‚N‹N… ?????»??N‚??,
???? ????N…???°?»N‹ N‡?µ?»?????µN‡?µN??????µ ?? ???·???µN?N‚????N?N‚N? N‚???»N????? ???µN‡?°?»???»?? N?????Nˆ?µ???????µ N??µNˆ??N†?µ
????N??»N?N?????N†N‹. ?z???° Nˆ?µN????»?°N?N?, ???°???????µN†, ??N?N‚?°????N‚N? ?’???·???µN??µ??N??????? ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN? ?? ????????N?N‚N?
???° N??µ?±N? ??????????N‚NˆN?????N‹?? ???????????? N?N‚Nˆ?°??????N‡?µN?N‚???°.
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???° ????N?N‚???µ ?•???°?????µ?»???µ, N? ???°???µNˆ?µ?????µ?? N?N‚Nˆ???? Nˆ?°N???NˆN‹N‚N? ?µ???? ?? ??Nˆ??N‡??N‚?°N‚N? ???µNˆ?????µ
???????°??N??µ?µN?N? ???µN?N‚??. ?•???°?????µ?»???µ ??N‚??NˆN‹?»??N?N? ???° 16 ???»?°???µ ??N‚ ???°N‚N„?µN?, ???·???»N??? ?µN‘
N????°?» ???° 24-?? N?N‚??N…: "??N‰?µ ??N‚?? N…??N‰?µN‚ ???? ?????µ ??N‚??, ???° ??N‚???µNˆ?¶?µN‚N?N? N??µ?±?µ
?? ?????·???µN‚ ??Nˆ?µN?N‚ N??????? ?? ???? ?????µ ??NˆN????µN‚". ???»?????° N?N‚?? ?????° ??Nˆ????N??»?° ???°?? ?±?»?°????N??»?????µ?????µ
?‘???¶???µ. ?Y??N??»?µ N?N‚?????? ???°Nˆ??N? ???°?? ???µ?»?µ??????N†?° ??Nˆ???????????»?° ????N????µ????NZ ?? N…Nˆ?°??, ?? N?N‚Nˆ?µ?????µ??N?
?±??????N??»N??¶?µ????NZ, ???° N??????? ???µ??N?????, ????N‚??NˆN‹N… N? ???µN‘ ?±N‹?»?? N??µN?N‚N? ???????µ?µ??, ??N??????»?°
N‚Nˆ?? ??Nˆ??N?N„??NˆN‹, ???µNˆ??N??»?°N?N? ???±Nˆ?°N‚????, ?·?°???µNˆ?»?° ????N????µ??N??????µ ??????????, ?????»???¶???? ???»NZN‡
?? N?N??»?????»?µ???????µ ???µN?N‚??, ??, ???????µ?? ???µ ?·?°???µN‡?µ?????°N?, ??N‹N??»?° ?·?° ????Nˆ??N‚?° ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN?.
III. ????? ?????????’???? (1858-1865 ????.)
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???? ????Nˆ?????µ N??????µ???? ???µNˆ???????? ???°?»????????N‡?µN?N‚???°, N‡?µNˆ?µ?· ?§?µNˆ?????????? ?? ?s???µ??. ?? ???µN‘ ???µ
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??N‚ ?»NZ???µ??, ???±N…????N? N?N?????N‹?µ ????Nˆ?????° ?? ???°N??µ?»N‘????N‹?µ ??N?????N‚N‹, ??N?N‚?°???°???»?????°N?N?N? ???°
????N‡?»?µ?? ?? ?·?°?±Nˆ??N??µ????N‹N… N??°Nˆ?°N?N…, ?»?µN??°N… ?? ????Nˆ?°???°N….
???°??N‹?? N????»N???N‹?? ?¶?µ?»?°?????µ?? ???°Nˆ???? ?±N‹?»?? ???? ??N??µ?? N‡??N?N‚??N‚?µ N???N…Nˆ?°????N‚N? N?????N‘ ???µ??N?N‚????.
?z?± N?N‚???? ?????° ????NˆN?N‡?? ?????»???»?°N?N? ?‘???¶???µ?? ???°N‚?µNˆ??. ?’?? ??Nˆ?µ??N? ?????????? ???· N‚?°????N… ?????»??N‚??
N? ???µN‘ ???°?¶?µ ??N‹N?N‚N??????» ??Nˆ?????°??N‹?? ????N‚ (4). ?’ ?»?µN?N? ?±?»???· ????Nˆ?????°
? ??N??»?°???»N? (5) ?µ?? N??????»?°N?N? ???°???° ?‘??????Nˆ??????N†?° ?? N????°?·?°?»?°: "???°Nˆ??N?,
N? ??N??µ?????° ?±?»?°????N??»?????»N??»?° N‚?????? ???µ?»?°, ??????????N? N???N…Nˆ?°????N‚N? ?? ???µ??N?N‚???? N‚????N‘!"
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???µ????N‚??Nˆ???µ ??Nˆ?µ??N?, ???? ?????° ?????»???? ???µ ?·?°???µNˆ?¶?????°?»?°N?N? N? ????N… ?? N?????Nˆ?? N?N…???????»?°,
?° N‚??, N‡N‚?? ?µ?? ???°???°?»?? ???°?? ?????»??N?N‚N‹??NZ, Nˆ?°?·???°???°?»?° ??NˆN??????? N?N‚Nˆ?°?????????°?? ?? ????N‰????.
??Nˆ?°???????°N? ?‘???¶???µ?? ???°N‚?µNˆN?NZ, N?N‚Nˆ?°??????N†?° ??Nˆ??N??»?° ???????»?? N??µN?N‚?? N‚N‹N?N?N‡ ???µNˆN?N‚ ?? ??
1861 ??????N? ??N?N‚?°?????????»?°N?N? ?? ????N?N‚??????NˆN??????? ??N????µ??N??????? ??N?N?N‚N‹???? (6)
???·NZ??N????????? N??µ?·???° ???°NˆN???????N??????? ??N??±?µNˆ??????, ?????µ ???????????·?°?»N?N? N‚???????° ???·???µN?N‚??N‹?? N?N‚?°Nˆ?µN†-?·?°N‚????Nˆ??????
?????°???? (7). ?N‚?? ?±N‹?» ????????N‹?? ???????????¶??????. ? ???????? ???? ?±N‹?» ???·
??. ?sN?NˆN????°, ???· ???µ?±?????°N‚???? ???µN‰?°??N??????? N??µ??N???. ?? ???µN‚N?N‚???° ?¶?µ?»?°?» ?¶???·???? ???????°N??µN???????,
????, ??N‹?????»??N?N? Nˆ??????N‚?µ?»N?N??????µ ?±?»?°????N??»?????µ?????µ, ?¶?µ?????»N?N? ?? ???µ?» N…???·N???N?N‚????. ?Y??N??»?µ
N????µNˆN‚?? ?¶?µ??N‹, ???° 39-?? ??????N? ?¶???·????, ????N?N‚N??????» ?? ?“?»????N???N?NZ ?sN?NˆN??????? ?µ???°NˆN…???? ??N?N?N‚N‹??N?.
???°?? ???? ??N‹?????»??N??» Nˆ?°?·?»??N‡??N‹?µ ????N??»N?N??°????N? ?? ?±N‹?» ???°?·???°N‡?µ?? N???????????????. ?Y??N?N‚Nˆ???¶?µ??
?? ???°??N‚??NZ N? ?????µ???µ?? ?????°????????????. ?? N??°???????? ????N?N‚N????»?µ????N? ?? ??N?N?N‚N‹??N? ??N‚?»??N‡?°?»N?N?
??Nˆ??N?N‚??N??µNˆ???µN‡???µ??, ?±N‹?» N?N??µNˆ????N‹?? ?? N??»N??¶?±?µ ?? ???????° ????N?N‚??N??????? ?????»???»N?N?. ???¶?µ ??
N‚?? ??Nˆ?µ??N? ???? ???????°?¶??N‹ ??N?N†?µ?»???» ?????»??N‚?????? ?±?µN????????°N‚??????. ?§?µNˆ?µ?· ??N?N‚N? ?»?µN‚ ??. ?????°????????????
?±N‹?» ???µNˆ?µ???µ???µ?? ?? ????N?N‚??????NˆN???N?NZ ??N?N?N‚N‹??N?, ?????µ ???µN? ????N??»N?N??°?????µ N????????????° ?? ????N?N‚??????N‡????????,
?° N‡?µNˆ?µ?· 12 ?»?µN‚ ?µ???? NˆN??????????»???¶???»?? ???? ???µNˆ?????????°N…?°. ?YNˆ??????N? ???????°N??µN??????? ??N???N?N?
???? ?±?»?°????N??»?????µ????NZ ?°NˆN…???µNˆ?µN? ??. ?????°???????????? N?N??µ?» ?? ?·?°N‚????Nˆ. ?Y??N??»?µ 18 ???µN?N?N†?µ??
?·?°N‚????Nˆ?° ???? ?±N‹?» ????N?N‚Nˆ???¶?µ?? ?? N?N…????N? N? ?????µ???µ?? ?????°????. ??N‚?°Nˆ?µN† ???????????·?°?»N?N? ?? ??N‹N??µN‡?µ????????
?? ???µ?»???????? ????Nˆ?µ ???µ?»???? ?? ??N‡?µ??N? N?N?Nˆ????N‹N… N?N??»??????N?N…. ?zN‚ ????N?N‚??N??????????? ?????»N???Nˆ?°???°
?? N????µN‡???????? ??N????µN‰?µ????N? ????N‡N‚?? ??N??»?µ??. ???µNˆ???µ?» ???µ?·?°N??»N??¶?µ????N‹?µ ????????N??µ????N? ??N‚ N?N‚?°NˆN??µ??
?±Nˆ?°N‚????. ?Y?? ???µNˆ?µ ????N‡??N‚?°????N? ?µ???? ???°Nˆ????????, ???? N?N‚?°?» NZNˆ????N?N‚???????°N‚N?, ???·?±?µ???°N? ?»NZ??N???????
N??»?°??N‹. ?YNˆ?µ?????????±??N‹?? ?????°???? ???????????·?°?»N?N? ?? ?·?°N‚????Nˆ?µ 17 ?»?µN‚. ?????»N????? N‚N?????N‚???»??
?µ???? N?N??µNˆ?????µ ???°Nˆ?????°, ???? ???? ???µ ?????? ??N‚???°?·?°N‚N? ?µ??N?, ??, N‚??N‡???? ????Nˆ??N‹?? ?°?????µ?»,
N????»N??»N?N? ???µNˆ?µ?? ?????? ?? N?N…????????N‡?µN??????? ?????µ?¶???µ, N? ??Nˆ??N‚?????? ?»??N†???? ?? ????N‚N?N…?°NZN‰??????
??N‡?°????, ???°???????????°N? N??µ??N?NZ ??Nˆ?µ??????N?N‚N? ?????µ??N?????N… ???µN‰?µNˆ. ?‘?µN??µ???° N? ?????? N?N????????°?????°?»?°
?? ???±?»?µ??N‡?°?»?° ???°?±???»?µ??N?N?NZ ??N?N?N?. ?z?? ???±?»?°???°?» ???°Nˆ???? ??Nˆ???·??Nˆ?»??????N?N‚??, ???°?·N‹???°?» ????
?????µ???? ??Nˆ??N…????????N???N… ?? ???µ??N? ?»??N† ?? ?????µ?» ???°Nˆ ??N?N†?µ?»?µ????N?.
?’?? ??Nˆ?µ??N? N??????µ???? ??Nˆ?µ?±N‹???°????N? ?? ??N?N?N‚N‹???? ???°Nˆ??N? N‡?°N?N‚?? ????N??µN‰?°?»?° ??Nˆ?µ?????????±????????
?????°?????°, ?? ???? ?????????»??N? N? ???µ?? ?±?µN??µ???????°?». ?YNˆ???·??Nˆ?»?????? ??Nˆ????????N? ??N?NZ ?µ?µ ???°?»N????µ??N?N?NZ
?¶???·??N?, N?N‚?°Nˆ?µN† ??N‚??NˆN‹?» ?µ?? ???????????µ. ???°N?N‚?°???»N?N? ?±N???N?N‰N?NZ N?N‚?°Nˆ??N†N?, ?·?°N‚????Nˆ?????? ????????Nˆ???»:
"?Y??N?????N‚Nˆ?? ???° ????Nˆ????N?: ?????° N?Nˆ?°?·N? ???°?±Nˆ?°N?N‹???°?µN‚N?N? ???° ????Nˆ??, ??N??µ N…???°N‚?°?µN‚,
N‰?????»?µN‚ ?? ?µN?N‚, ?° ????N‚???? N??¶?µ ???°N‡?????°?µN‚ ???µNˆ?µ?¶?µ??N‹???°N‚N?. ???°?? ?? N‚N‹, ???????° N??? ??????NZ,
???°N…???°N‚N‹???°??N?N?, ???°?±??Nˆ?°??N?N?, ???°N?N‡?°??N?N? ??N??µ??N?, N?N‚?????? N‚?µ?±?µ ???°?????»???? N…???°N‚??N‚, ?????¶?µN‚
?±N‹N‚N?, ???° ??N?NZ ?¶???·??N?. ?YNˆ????N‘N‚ ??Nˆ?µ??N?, ?????????° N‚?µ?±?µ ?? ???µNˆ?µ??Nˆ?µN?N‚??N‚N?N?N? ?±N????µN‚ ???µ?????????°,
?° N‚N‹ ???°Nˆ????-N‚?? N?N‚?µN??°??, ???µ??N? ???? ?±N????µN‚ N????»N????? N?N‚Nˆ?°???°N‚N?".
????N?N‚??????NˆN??????? N?N‚?°Nˆ?µN† ?±?»?°????N??»???????» ???°Nˆ??NZ ???µNˆ??N?N‚N?N?N? ?? N??????? ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN?, N‡N‚??
?????° ?? ??N??????»?????»?°, ?? ?? 1862 ??????N? ?±N‹?»?° ??Nˆ??N????°?¶?µ???° ?? ?’???·???µN??µ??N???????N? ?¶?µ??N???????N?
???????°N?N‚N‹NˆNZ.
IV. ?’?›???”?«?§?????™ ???z?????????«? ?¬ (1867-1872 ????.)
?’N‚??Nˆ???? ???±??N‚?µ?»N?NZ ?YNˆ?µ?????????±?????? N?N‚?°?» ???µNˆ??N?N…????N???????
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?? 1867 ??????N?. ???°?? ?????° ?±N‹?»?° ????N?N‚Nˆ???¶?µ???° ?? NˆN?N???N„??Nˆ N???N?N‚??N‚?µ?»?µ?? ?¤???»?°Nˆ?µN‚???? ????N???????N???????
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N‚?µ?? ?±?»???¶?µ N?N‚?°??????N?N‚N?N? ?? ??NˆN??? ?? ??NˆN???N?. ?sNˆN??? aˆ“ N?N‚?? ?‘????, ?° ?»N?N‡?? aˆ“ N?N‚?? ??N?N‚??,
???? ????N‚??NˆN‹?? ?»NZ???? ????N?N‚ ?? ???µ??N?. ?s???????° ?»NZ???? ?±?»???¶?µ ??????N…????N?N‚ ?? ?‘????N?? aˆ“ ?????????°,
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?? ?»NZ??N??? ??Nˆ??N????»N??µN‚N?N? ?? ??Nˆ?µ?????µN‚ ?»NZ?±????N? ?? ?‘????N?, ???°?? ???± N?N‚???? ????N??µN‚ ??????N?N‚???»
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???°??Nˆ?°N??»????N? N??? N?????Nˆ?µ?????µ?? ?? Nˆ?°????N?N‚N?NZ".
VII. ?s?z???§?????? ?Y? ?•?Y?z?”?z?‘???z?™
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27 N??µ??N‚N??±NˆN? 1928 ??. ????Nˆ???????»?? ?µ?µ ?? ???°??N??? ??Nˆ?°?·?????????° ?Y????Nˆ?????° ?YNˆ?µN???N?N‚???? ?‘??????Nˆ??????N†N‹
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?? ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN?????N… N?N‚?µ???°N…, ???° N??°?????? ????N‡N‘N‚?????? ???µN?N‚?µ aˆ“ ?·?° ?°?»N‚?°NˆN‘?? ?????°N?N?????????
N…Nˆ?°???°, ???? ???»?°N?N‚?? ???µ Nˆ?°?·Nˆ?µN????»??. ?????????° N?N‚?°?»?? NˆN‹N‚N? ?????????»N? ???° N??µN?N‚Nˆ????N???????
???»?°???±??N‰?µ, N? ?’?»?°????????NˆN????????? ?????±??Nˆ?°, ???? ?? N‚?°?? ???µ Nˆ?°?·Nˆ?µN????»?? ??????Nˆ?µ?±?°N‚N?. ?YNˆ??N??»??N?N?
N…??Nˆ??????N‚N? N?N‚?°Nˆ??N†N? ?·?° ????Nˆ?°?????? ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN?. ???° ??N‚???µ???°?????µ N?NS?µN…?°?»??N?N? ???????¶?µN?N‚????
?µN‘ ????N‡??N‚?°N‚?µ?»?µ??, N‚?°?? N‡N‚?? ?????µ?·???°, ????N?N‰???µ ???· ?????¶?°??N????° ???? N?N‚. ?‘??Nˆ??????????, ?±N‹?»??
???µNˆ?µ?????»???µ??N‹.
?’N?????Nˆ?µ ????N??»?µ N????µNˆN‚?? ??Nˆ?µ??. ? ?°N…???»N?, ???±?»?°N‡N‘?????°N? ?? N?N…????N?, N??????»?°N?N? ???? N????µ N‚N??¶?µ?»??
?±???»N???????N? ??Nˆ??N‚?????µNˆ?µNZ ?’?°N????»??NZ ?“??Nˆ?????µN†??????N?, ??, ??N?N†?µ?»???? ?µ????, N????°?·?°?»?°: "???°
N‡N‚?? ??Nˆ???·???°??, N‚?? ?? ??N??????»??N???. ?’N?N‘ ?·?µ???????µ ?·?°???°??N‡??????. ???°?? ?????»N??±N‹?? N??????????? ?µN?N‚N?
?µN‰N‘ ???µ?±??, ??N????° ?????»?¶??N‹ N?N‚Nˆ?µ????N‚N?N?N? ??N??µ ?¶????N?N‰???µ".
?????????? ??N?N…??????N‹?? N‡?°???°??, N??µN‚?????°??N????? ?? N?????Nˆ???? Nˆ?°?·?»N????µ N? ???µ??, ?YNˆ?µ?????????±???°N? ???µ?·?°?????»????
???? N????µNˆN‚?? ????????Nˆ???»?°: "?sN‚?? ???µ??N? ?±N????µN‚ ??????????N‚N?, N‚?????? ?? N? ???µ ?·?°?±N???N?.
?YNˆ??N…??????N‚?µ ???? ?????µ ???° ?????????»??N?, ?? ??N‹ ?????»N?N‡??N‚?µ ???±?»?µ??N‡?µ?????µ ?? N?N‚?µN??µ?????µ. ?? ??
????N??»?µ N????µNˆN‚?? ?±N???N? ???????????°N‚N?." ???»?????° ??Nˆ?µ??. ? ?°N…???»?? ??N??????»?????»??N?N? ???? ?µN‘
?±?»?°?¶?µ???????? ??????N‡?????µ: ?? ???? ??N‹???µ ??N??µ N? ???µNˆ??NZ ??Nˆ??N‚?µ???°NZN‰???µ ?? ?µN‘ ?????????»???µ ???±Nˆ?µN‚?°NZN‚
N?N‚?µN??µ?????µ ?? ??N?N†?µ?»?µ?????µ ??N‚ N‚?µ?»?µN???N‹N… ?? ??N?N??µ????N‹N… ???µ??N???????.
1. ????N?N‚??-??Nˆ????N†??????, III ???»?°N?N??°, ??N????????°??
?? 1528 ??. ??Nˆ?µ??. ?“?µNˆ?°N????????? ?‘???»??????N???????. ?? 1611 ???? 1655 ????. ???°N…???????»N?N? ????
???»?°N?N‚?? ???µ?·N???N‚????, ?????·???±???????»?µ?? ?? 1656 ??. ?’ 1812 ??. ?????????µNˆ??N?N? Nˆ?°?·??Nˆ?µ????NZ ??N‚
N„Nˆ?°??N†N??·????. ?’ ???????°N?N‚N‹Nˆ?µ ?±N‹?»?? ?????° N…Nˆ?°???°: ???°???µ????N‹?? ????.??Nˆ????N†N‹ N? ????N???N? ??Nˆ?????µ?»?°????,
?? N†?µNˆ??????N? ?’???µ???µ????N? N? ???°???µ???????? ?????»???????»N????µ??. ?“?»?°?????°N? N???N?N‚N‹??N? ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN?,
????N‰?? ??Nˆ?µ??. ?“?µNˆ?°N??????°, ???°N…???????»??N?N? ?? Nˆ?°???µ ?? N????±??Nˆ?????? N…Nˆ?°???µ. ?’ ???°NˆN‚?µ 1943
??. ??N?????????N‹?µ N?????NˆN??¶?µ????N? ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN? ?±N‹?»?? ???·??Nˆ???°??N‹ N„?°N???N?N‚?°????. ?’ ???°N?N‚??N?N‰?µ?µ
??Nˆ?µ??N? ?? ???±??N‚?µ?»?? ?????·???±???????»?µ???° ???????°N??µN????°N? ?¶???·??N?.
2. ? ???????»N?N? ?? 1489 ??., +1554 ??., N?N‡?µ?????? ??Nˆ?µ??. ?”?°???????»?° ?Y?µNˆ?µN?N??»?°??N?????????,
???°??N?N‚N? 1 ???°N? ?? ?? ?????±??Nˆ?µ ???????»?µ??N?????N… ????N?N‚N‹N….
3. III ???»?°N?N??° ???±N‰?µ?¶??N‚?µ?»N???N‹?? ???????°N?N‚N‹NˆN?, ??N????????°?? ?? 1515
??. ???? ???????µ?»?µ????NZ ?’?µ?». ?s??. ?’?°N????»??N? ?????°??????????N‡?° ???? N??»N?N‡?°NZ ?????·??Nˆ?°N‰?µ????N? ?µ????
???· ???????»?µ??N????°. ?’ 1610 ??. ???? ?????»?°???µ?»?? ???µ?·N???N‚N‹, ?? 1662 ??. ?±N‹?» ????N?N?N‚?°???????»?µ??
?? ???±Nˆ?°N‰?µ?? ?? ?¶?µ??N???????. ?’ 1812 ??. N????¶?¶?µ?? N„Nˆ?°??N†N??·?°????, N‚?°?? N‡N‚?? ?????????° ????N????µ????N?
?? N??µN?N‚NˆN‹ ?????·??Nˆ?°N‚???»??N?N? ???±Nˆ?°N‚????, ???? ???µ ???° N‡N‚?? ?±N‹?»?? ?¶??N‚N?. ?–??N‚?µ?»?? ??. ???????»?µ??N????°
N??????????? ??Nˆ??????N??µ????N????? ?? ?????»?°???°???? ???µN??????»N????? ???±?»?µ??N‡???»?? N‚N??¶?µ?»???µ ?????»???¶?µ?????µ ????????????N?.
?’ 1813 ??. ??N‚ ???°?·??N‹ ?±N‹?»?? ?°N?N????????????°???? 17 N‚N‹N?. 481 NˆN??±. 20 ??????. ?°N?N????????°N†??N?????
???° ????N?N?N‚?°???????»?µ?????µ ???±??N‚?µ?»??. ?’ ???????°N?N‚N‹Nˆ?µ ?±N‹?»?? ?????° N…Nˆ?°???°: ?? N‡?µN?N‚N? ?’???·???µN??µ????N?
?“??N?????????N?, N? ??Nˆ?????µ?»?°???? ???? ????N? ??Nˆ?µ??. ???µNˆ????N? ?? ????N‡. ?•???°N‚?µNˆ????N‹, ?? ???°????Nˆ?°N‚???°N?
N†?µNˆ??????N? ???? ????N? ??N…N‚N‹NˆN??????? ????????N‹ ?‘???¶???µ?? ???°N‚?µNˆ??.
4. ?N‚?? N????»?µ?????µ N„???·?????»??????N‡?µN????? ?? ?±??????N??»????N????? ???±??N????????°????
?µ????N??????????? ?’?°Nˆ???°?????? (?‘?µ?»N??µ??N‹??) ?? ?µ???? ?????????µ "?zN???????N‹ ??N???N?N?N?N‚???° N???N?N‚??N?N‚??".
?????¶?????? ??????????Nˆ????, 1997, N‚.2, N?.74.
5. ???µ?·????N‹?? ????Nˆ???? ???????»?µ??N??????? ??N??±?µNˆ?????? ?±?»???· Nˆ. ?zN?N‚Nˆ?°. ?’???µNˆ??N‹?µ
N????????????°?µN‚N?N? ?»?µN‚??????N?N?NZ ?? 1098 ??., ???µNˆ???????°N‡?°?»N??????µ ???°?·???°?????µ ? ??N?N‚??N??»?°???»N?.
6. ?—?°N?N‚?°N‚???°N? ???±N‰?µ?¶??N‚?µ?»N????°N? ??N??¶N????°N? ??N?N?N‚N‹??N?, ???° ??Nˆ?°??????
?±?µNˆ?µ??N? Nˆ. ???µ???µNˆ???????? ?”????N†?°, ?? ???µN?N‚????N?N‚?? ????N?N‚N‹?µ ?“??NˆN‹, ????N‡?µ??N? ?? ???°?·N‹???°?»?°N?N?
????N?N‚??????NˆN???????. ?zN????????°???° ?? XVI ??., ?? 1679 ?? ?? 1737 ????. ?‘N‹?»?° Nˆ?°?·??NˆN??µ???° N‚?°N‚?°Nˆ?°????,
?? 1787 ??. ?±N‹?»?° N???Nˆ?°?·?????µ???°, ?? 1844 ??. ????N?N?N‚?°???????»?µ???° ??Nˆ?? ???????µN‡??N‚?µ?»N?N?N‚???µ
??????NˆN???-???????µN‰???????? ?Y??N‚?µ????????N‹N…. ?z?±??N‚?µ?»N? Nˆ?°N??????»???¶?µ???° ?? ?¶??????????N??????? ????Nˆ??N?N‚????
???µN?N‚????N?N‚??. ?z?±??N‚?µ?»N? ?±N‹?»?° ???±N???Nˆ???°, ?????µ?»?° ?????????? N…Nˆ?°?????? ?? ?????° N?????N‚?°.
7. ?sNˆNZ??????, Nˆ????. 20 N??µ??N‚N??±NˆN? 1795 ??. ?YNˆ?µN?N‚?°?????»N?N? 72-N… ?»?µN‚
11 ?°????N?N?N‚?° 1867 ??. ?Y??N…??Nˆ?????µ?? N? ?°?»N‚?°NˆN? ?±???»N?????N‡???????? N…Nˆ?°???°. ?‘???????????»N?N†N‹ N??»N??¶???»??
???°????N…????N‹ ???? ???µ??N?, ?? ???????¶?µN?N‚???? ??N?N†?µ?»?µ?????? N??????µNˆN????»??N?N? ???? ?µ???? ?????»??N‚???µ. ?s?°?????????·??Nˆ?????°??
????Nˆ?°????N??????? ?YNˆ?°????N??»?°???????? ?¦?µNˆ??????N?NZ ?? ?»?????µ ???µN?N‚????N‡N‚????N‹N… N???N?N‚N‹N….
8. ?zN????????°?? ?? 1360 ??. N???N‚. ???»?µ??N????µ??, ????N‚Nˆ???????»??N‚???? ????N???????N???????
???? ???????µ?»?µ????NZ ?‘???¶???µ?? ???°N‚?µNˆ??, ???µNˆ??N‹?? ???°N?N‚??N?N‚?µ?»?µ?? ?±N‹?» ??Nˆ?µ??. ?’?°Nˆ?»?°?°??. ?’ ??????N†?µ
XVIII ??. N??????µNˆN??µ?????? ?·?°??N?N?N‚?µ?», ???? ?? 1806 ??. ????N‚Nˆ???????»??N‚???? ????N???????N??????? ?Y?»?°N‚????????
???±Nˆ?°N‰?µ?? ?? ?¶?µ??N??????? ?? ?????»????N?N‚N?NZ ????N?N?N‚?°???????»?µ??. ?’ ???????°N?N‚N‹Nˆ?µ ?±N‹?»?? ??N?N‚N? N…Nˆ?°??????,
???»?°????N‹?? ???· ????N‚??NˆN‹N… - ?????±??Nˆ ?? N‡?µN?N‚N? ?’???µ???µ????N? ?YNˆ?µN???N?N‚???? ?‘??????Nˆ??????N†N‹ ???? N…Nˆ?°??,
??N???N?N‰N‘????N‹?? N??°?????? N???N‚. ???»?µ??N????µ?? ?? 1362 ??.
9. ?’ 1912 ??????N? ??Nˆ????N?N…???????»?? ??Nˆ?°?·?????????°?????µ N?N‚???»?µN‚??N? ?‘??Nˆ????????N?????????
N?Nˆ?°?¶?µ????N?.
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